9.2 KiB
9.2 KiB
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1. 디스크 구성 확인
1.1. 마운트 리스트 및 용량 확인
1.1.1. df
df -h
# result
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs 1.6G 1.9M 1.6G 1% /run
efivarfs 192K 111K 77K 59% /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 98G 6.7G 87G 8% /
tmpfs 7.7G 0 7.7G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
/dev/nvme0n1p2 2.0G 96M 1.7G 6% /boot
/dev/nvme0n1p1 1.1G 6.2M 1.1G 1% /boot/efi
tmpfs 1.6G 12K 1.6G 1% /run/user/1000
1.1.2. lsblk
sudo lsblk
# result
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda 8:0 1 3.6T 0 disk
sdb 8:16 1 3.6T 0 disk
nvme0n1 259:0 0 465.8G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 2G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 462.7G 0 part
└─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 252:0 0 100G 0 lvm /
1.2. system file 확인
cat /proc/partitions
# result
major minor #blocks name
8 0 3907018584 sda
8 16 3907018584 sdb
259 0 488386584 nvme0n1
259 1 1100800 nvme0n1p1
259 2 2097152 nvme0n1p2
259 3 485186560 nvme0n1p3
252 0 104857600 dm-0
1.3. fdisk
sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 3.64 TiB, 4000787030016 bytes, 7814037168 sectors
Disk model: HGST HUS726T4TAL
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sdb: 3.64 TiB, 4000787030016 bytes, 7814037168 sectors
Disk model: HGST HUS726T4TAL
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 465.76 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors
Disk model: Samsung SSD 980 500GB
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 16384 bytes / 131072 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 3077F15A-410B-474F-8A12-9FAAC0E64072
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1 2048 2203647 2201600 1G EFI System
/dev/nvme0n1p2 2203648 6397951 4194304 2G Linux filesystem
/dev/nvme0n1p3 6397952 976771071 970373120 462.7G Linux filesystem
Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv: 100 GiB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 16384 bytes / 131072 bytes
2. RAID용 Hard Disk partition 생성
sudo fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.39.3).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
The device contains 'linux_raid_member' signature and it will be removed by a write command. See fdisk(8) man page and --wipe option for more details.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
The size of this disk is 3.6 TiB (4000787030016 bytes). DOS partition table format cannot be used on drives for volumes larger than 2199023255040 bytes for 512-byte sectors. Use GUID partition table format (GPT).
Created a new DOS (MBR) disklabel with disk identifier 0xc20c4941.
Command (m for help): g
Created a new GPT disklabel (GUID: E492E4DD-1B3C-4E69-9158-E79B0B1FF44E).
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1):
First sector (2048-7814037134, default 2048):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-7814037134, default 7814035455):
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 3.6 TiB.
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Partition type or alias (type L to list all): L
1 EFI System C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B
2 MBR partition scheme 024DEE41-33E7-11D3-9D69-0008C781F39F
3 Intel Fast Flash D3BFE2DE-3DAF-11DF-BA40-E3A556D89593
4 BIOS boot 21686148-6449-6E6F-744E-656564454649
...
41 Linux reserved 8DA63339-0007-60C0-C436-083AC8230908
42 Linux home 933AC7E1-2EB4-4F13-B844-0E14E2AEF915
43 Linux RAID A19D880F-05FC-4D3B-A006-743F0F84911E
44 Linux LVM E6D6D379-F507-44C2-A23C-238F2A3DF928
...
Aliases:
linux - 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4
swap - 0657FD6D-A4AB-43C4-84E5-0933C84B4F4F
home - 933AC7E1-2EB4-4F13-B844-0E14E2AEF915
uefi - C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B
raid - A19D880F-05FC-4D3B-A006-743F0F84911E
lvm - E6D6D379-F507-44C2-A23C-238F2A3DF928
:q
Partition type or alias (type L to list all): raid
Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'Linux RAID'.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
3. RAID 설정
3.1. mdadm 설치
sudo apt install mdadm
3.2. RAID 생성
sudo mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1
# mdadm --create [raid경로/raid명칭] --level=[레이드 구분] --raid-devices=[레이드 구성할 하드 개수] [하드 1] [하드 2] ... [하드 n]
mdadm: Note: this array has metadata at the start and
may not be suitable as a boot device. If you plan to
store '/boot' on this device please ensure that
your boot-loader understands md/v1.x metadata, or use
--metadata=0.90
Continue creating array?
Continue creating array? (y/n) y
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.
3.3. format
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0
mke2fs 1.47.0 (5-Feb-2023)
Creating filesystem with 976721152 4k blocks and 244187136 inodes
Filesystem UUID: c207facc-b75b-4041-9971-bb272b26b689
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (262144 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
4. RAID 구성 확인
#마운트 리스트 및 용량 확인 #system file 확인
4.1. RAID 세부 정보 확인하기
more /proc/mdstat
# result
Personalities : [raid1] [raid0] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md0 : active raid1 sdb[1] sda[0]
3906886464 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
bitmap: 0/30 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk
unused devices: <none>
4.2. mdadm
sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Thu Aug 15 16:07:02 2024
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 3906884608 (3.64 TiB 4.00 TB)
Used Dev Size : 3906884608 (3.64 TiB 4.00 TB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Intent Bitmap : Internal
Update Time : Thu Aug 15 16:18:27 2024
State : clean, resyncing
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Consistency Policy : bitmap
Resync Status : 3% complete
Name : tuska-server:0 (local to host tuska-server)
UUID : 4c154399:14eb5dc6:7d9a9795:32654856
Events : 144
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1
1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1
5. 재부팅 시 자동 마운트
5.1. /etc/fstab
/dev/md0 와 같이 device 파일 이름을 fstab 파일에 추가하라는 글을 쉽게 검색할 수 있다. 하지만 재부팅 시 리눅스에서 RAID 이름을 md127과 같이 바꿔버려 부팅 과정에서 오류가 발생하므로 UUID를 추가해 오류를 방지해야 한다.
blkid | grep /dev/md
/dev/md0: UUID="c207facc-b75b-4041-9971-bb272b26b689" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"
UUID 복사
sudo vim /etc/fstab
마지막 줄에 다음 내용 추가
UUID=c207facc-b75b-4041-9971-bb272b26b689 /mnt/md0 ext4 defaults 0 0
5.2. mdadm conf
sudo mdadm --detail --scan
결과를 복사한다.
ARRAY /dev/md0 metadata=1.2 UUID=4c154399:14eb5dc6:7d9a9795:32654856
sudo vim /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf
복사한 내용을 붙여넣기 한다.
MAILADDR root
ARRAY /dev/md0 metadata=1.2 UUID=4c154399:14eb5dc6:7d9a9795:32654856
5.2.1. 한 번에 실행
sudo mdadm --detail --scan | sudo tee -a /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf
5.3. RAID 마운트
sudo mkdir /mnt/md0
sudo mount /dev/md0 /mnt/md0
5.4. 마운트 확인
cd /mnt
ls -al
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 15 16:28 .
drwxr-xr-x 23 root root 4096 Aug 12 07:40 ..
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 15 16:10 md0